Adoption of New Media in 1990s

Adoption of unfermented Media in ninetiesInterviews with chosen age groups about their media experience during the end of adoption of youthful media in 1990sReferring to the origins of the radical changes in the development of the media and the social and policy-making life of the country as a whole, related to the transition of the reform of the Soviet system, it should be state that the transition of Russian journalism was met with sincere understanding and sympathy. Creative people could non help but sympathize with the atmosphere of free thought, pluralism of opinions, rarely available in obtaining political information all(a) that accompanied the first steps of restructuring.It is a system of political and ideological control by the state, a crisis of supreme power and crisis bottom came to the fore and determined all the decisive change of life media. No major shifts in the economy and, above all, political reform, the egression of political freedom in society affects the early years of establishment and development of a new yarn-dyeing system. It must be noted that the invite itself has a strong impact on the overall government policy.In the period from 1985 to 1990 journalism with almost no legislative base tried to work through the information revolution.Changes in the relations between the state and the media in this situation were inevitable. On the one hand, the media have become much less manageable. At the analogous date long before August 1991 Soviet periodicals were divided into two main groups, depending on the publications related to the Communist Party as the leading cram of the state. Being Support to the party and the government, communist press was provided (The Truth, Glasnost and the local party newspaper). Democratic press (Arguments and Facts, News, Spark, Komsomolskaya Pravda), on the contrary , formally criticized the authorities.State influence in the media remained significant. Back in June 1990, it was decided to e stablish All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company. In May 1991, Russian television aired.After the victory of Yeltsin in the elections this course was pronounced with even more importance. Ultimately, it led to the creation of a fundamentally new system of media. First of all, the Russian government has taken despotic steps to establish control over the most influential electronic media. In particular, it is already August 21, 1991 Russian President Boris Yeltsin issued a decree On mass media in the Russian Federation. In accordance with the Decree of the All-Union Television and Radio Company (Radio and Television of the USSR) was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Government of Russia.Following this, began the process of transferring to the Russian authorities in the submission of information agencies. In September 1991, on the basis of the information agency News (IAN) and the Russian Information Agency (RIA) was created by Russian Information Agency News. Presidential Decree of 22 August 1991 RIA News was transferred to the Ministry of Press and Information. In 1993, RIA News has become public information and analytic agency. TASS (Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union) became the Information Telegraph Agency of Russia (ITAR-TASS) in January 1992, after the collapse of the USSR .To a large extent the attention of society and journalists themselves at this time was focused on general political issues, to the confrontation of different political forces. Given the fact that in the period under review, the media played a critical role in politics, providing a huge impact on the public consciousness, it must be emphasized that for its part, the authorities have deepened the schism media on political grounds.The political face of the press is determined depending on the ratio of the government and President Yeltsin. In 19921993 years the Russian leadership was divided into two fence center of power executive and legislative, soon on thi s topic has been allocated four groups press. The first government media (Russian news), the second press organs of the Supreme Council (Russian newspaper), the third popular press (most independent from government agencies editions of the News), which are of varying severity, but supported the action government fourth patriotic press (Soviet Russia), sharply criticized the regime of the death chair and the government. Media in this situation are in the role of one of the main prizes.In the context of liberalization of public life in the 1990s is all the way a trend of rapid growth in the number of newspapers and magazines. According to the Ministry of Press and Information in 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed in 3353 Russia came out of the magazine and newspaper 4863. In 1996, there were 27,000 registered. It is clear that the number of registered newspapers and magazines are not equal to the number actually coming editions. But even accepting this amendment, it is depe ndable to say that in five years the total number of periodicals rose, at least two or three times.However, circulation was falling. It should be noted that the basis of a collapse of circulation, were some(prenominal) reasons. The first of them long economic crisis, lower the material standard of many millions of Russians and the associated decline in fact reader demand for print periodicals. In addition, the crisis has worsened the financial and economic situation of newspapers and magazines. Sharply risen in price Printing, Paper has risen, the cost of postal services for delivery of publications to readers has liberal several times.Despite the significant drop in circulation, newspapers and magazines continue to play an grievous role in the lives of Russians. Periodicals read nearly 99% of the population.The emergence of a large number of new publications contributed to the emergence in the late XX century qualitatively different technologies for their manufacture and produ ction. Globalization occurred satellite networks transmit information. New technology allowed the media are hundreds and thousands of kilometers from the epicenter of events connected to him, to be immediately aware of them in the central and crucial details.During these years, there were created the relatively inexpensive technical capabilities, which make process of making paper much faster and cheaper. The computer technology developed quickly and at a high level imposed the newspapers and magazines. The call off printing improved with its ability to produce multi-color and multi-edition. All this was not in the majority of Russian editions and printers even at the end of the 1980s.thither are several examples of journalists from the different generations and their thoughts on trends in the development of raw journalism in general.Genrikh Borovik writer, playwright, journalist, a prominent public figure, political scientist, one of the most prominent figures of modern Russia.W hen he was asked about whether or not you think that the time of international journalism goes, he rep reposed No. There are incompetent journalists, they were before, that just chasing sensation, lie or so sharply adhere to certain positions that do not take any arguments that would be contrary to their position. It is harmful. But we have a circle of journalists who are well versed in the situation in the world.The second example, Alex Pimanov Russian journalist, producer, director, television presenter and politician.In an interview, he said that the problem is that we, unfortunately, gain and further away from professional journalism. Come to journalism immediate, sensational. Very quickly get into the trend, falling into some information flow, in some trendy, lets call it so. There is, unfortunately, a lot of people who are going to make a career at all costs, and in our area too.They are hungry for fame and struggle, provoke, go on some things on the verge of falling, espec ially without thinking about the consequences. For example, I always teach their journalists that before you say something, look before you bouncing and think about it. It is time. And second, never out with everything you know, until the very end. I do not believe that if someone somewhere once posted something revelatory, it immediately attacked. It does not happen. It is clear also that this is some kind of a long story.And if you ask the unsalted man that what is the media for him in general, the answer is clear Internet. Now all young people havent read any newspapers and the magazines are leafed of it beautiful pictures. As Internet, even if you take more concrete, the social network has replaced all other media. We can get any information only by activating our Facebook or twitter page.So, at the beginning of the 1990s, that is still in the period of the Soviet Union, the new system starts to develop the Russian media. Signs it is clearly read in a variety of forms. With c ountless new media, radio stations, TV bring of diverse content and sense entertainment, advertising and so on. Along with the print media developed broadcasting.New historical conditions of life of the Russian Federation has become an important factor in the formation of a new type of mass journalism. It was necessary to determine the place that was to take the press in a egalitarian society approves. The process, which began in the early 1990s, has led to some changes in the social structure of the press, television, radio and more meaningful understanding of needs of the audience, promote new forms and methods of media. Change and social, spiritual, and professional guidelines of journalism.